Back SearchTitle: NEW CORROSION AND HEAT RESISTANT ELASTIC POLYMERIC MATERIALS FOR THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Page Range: T/1-20
Author(s): Ronkin G M
File size: 152K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
This article reports on the chemical and heat resistance of newly developed materials for use in packing and sealing applications in aggressive conditions in the chemical industry. It is reported that new, highly effective, composite, corrosion- and heat-resistant packing and sealing and protective elastic polymeric materials of the BS-45 type have been developed which are capable of operating at temperatures ranging from -60 - +350 degrees C, and also heat resistant materials of the B-800 and B-850 type, which are capable of operating at temperatures ranging from -60 - +375 degrees C, to replace existing outdated analogues such as rubber, plastics, Paronite, ebonites, and asbestos-filled materials. The problem of creating such curable elastic rubber-plastic composites was solved by using a fundamentally new type of polyolefinic rubber, rapid-curing chlorinated or brominated corrosion- and ozone-resistant ethylene-propylene copolymer with good compatibility, and also by using in these composites, new heat-, flame- and corrosion-resistant modified polyolefins, a number of synthetic resins, catalysts, special curing agents, fillers, plasticisers, and other components. This paper is a result of the development, testing over a period of over 20 years, introduction, and service of the given high-performance elastic polymeric materials. 25 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.2, 2002, p.32-42).
Title: DEFORMABILITY OF PE80 POLYETHYLENE PIPES AT LOW TEMPERATURES
Page Range: T/21-25
Author(s): Struchov A S; Fedorov Y Y
File size: 53K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
In order to assess the suitability of polyethylene pipes for use in the oil and gas industry, tests were carried out on the deformability of PE80 pipes at low temperatures. Cylindrical specimens were tested on a low-pressure biaxial unit, specially developed for the investigation of such materials, and which makes it possible to carry out short-time loading tests on specimens at temperatures ranging from -60 to +120 degrees C with a temperature of the working gas mixture ranging from -120 degrees to +90 degrees C. It was confirmed that a reduction in temperature leads to an increase in the elastic modulus and bearing capacity limit of polyethylene, and that in the presence of internal pressure, the process of necking in the pipe is delayed. This indirectly indicates the sufficient influence of peripheral stresses on axial tension at a temperature of -40 degrees C and below. 3 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.2, 2002, p.43-6).
Title: STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COMPOSITION, STRUCTURE, AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BLOCK COPOLYMERS BASED ON FLEXIBLE AND RIGID-CHAIN COMPONENTS
Page Range: T/26-36
Author(s): Zelenev Y V
File size: 114K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
In an examination of the relationship between the structure and different physical properties of block copolymers, it is necessary to take into account not only features of their molecular structure, but also the morphology of the supermolecular organisation, since different types of block form corresponding domains that can act both as crosslinks of the physical network and as elements of the more complex structures. This article examines and discusses the features of the structure and physical properties of block copolymers with respect to classification of block copolymers; the structure and relaxation properties of block copolymers with components differing sharply in chain flexibility; and the physical properties of polybutadienes of different structures. 42 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.3, 2002, p.11-8).
Title: USE OF THERMOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS FOR ASSESSING THE PROCESSING PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS
Page Range: T/37-41
Author(s): Kryzhanovskii V K; Burlov V V; Panimatchenko A D
File size: 54K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
The potential scope for the use of thermomechanical analysis techniques for the determination of the properties of articles and the inspection of material, is discussed. The technique is used to assess the deformation behaviour of polymeric materials to which a constant stress is applied under conditions of changing temperature. The numerical dependencies obtained are expressed by graphs plotted in temperature-strain coordinates, and referred to as thermomechanical curves, (TMCs). From these TMCs, it is possible to establish the amorphous or crystalline nature of the polymer, the effect of plasticisers and fillers, and critical temperatures such as brittle point, softening point, Tg, high-elastic temperatures, melting temperatures, and the crystallisation temperature. Conditions which have to be fulfilled in order to perform accurate and consistent thermomechanical analysis are outlined, and examples of its use are described. 3 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.3, 2002, p.18-21).
Title: CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS PRODUCED BY THE OZONOLYSIS OF ALPHA-OLEFINS AS PLASTICISERS FOR EPOXY COMPOSITES
Page Range: T/42-43
Author(s): Gaifutkinova E K; Beresnev V V
File size: 37K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
Margaric acid butyl ester, produced by the ozonolytic degradation of octadecene-1 in the presence of butanol-1, was investigated for use as a plasticiser in the production of epoxy coatings. The plasticiser dioctyl phthalate was used as a comparison. The study showed that epoxy coatings containing margaric acid butyl ester as the plasticiser are characterised by good physicomechanical and protective properties, and also by high resistance to acids, including dilute nitric acid, which is not always the case for epoxy resins. 3 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.3, 2002, p.21-2).
Title: THERMAL AND THERMO-OXIDATIVE DEGRADATION OF POLYVINYL FLUORIDE IN INDIVIDUAL AND MIXED SOLVENTS
Page Range: T/44-46
Author(s): Mukhiddinov B F; Sobirov B B; Turabova S S
File size: 45K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
This work focuses on the thermal and thermooxidative degradation of polyvinyl fluoride in individual and mixed solvents using an ion-selective fluoride electrode of the 'Kritur' type. Before use, the solvents (dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), acetophenone (ACP), and cyclohexane (CHN)) were purified by vacuum distillation in inert gas. The study shows that it is expedient to use strongly polar compounds containing cyclic or aromatic groups as the solvents, since, by controlling the composition of the solution, it is possible to control the rate of thermal and thermooxidative degradation of the polymer in solution. 2 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.3, 2002, p.23-4).
Title: EPOXY-CONTAINING POROUS HYDROGELS OF ACRYLAMIDE: THE INFLUENCE OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS
Page Range: T/47-52
Author(s): Shtil'man M I; Ostaeva G Y; Artyukhov A A; Tsatsakis A M; Kozolv V S
File size: 92K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
Conditions are established which make it possible to produce porous epoxy-containing cryogels of crosslinked acrylamide in high yield with a high content of epoxy groups. The chemical base used in this work for such macroporous structures consisted of copolymers of acrylamide and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide with unsaturated monomers containing a highly reactive epoxy group: allylglycidyl ether and glycidyl methacrylate. In order to establish the conditions for synthesising copolymers with the necessary content of reactive units and prescribed physicochemical characteristics, a study was made of the influence of temperature and time factors, the total concentration of the comonomers, the concentration of the initiator, and the comonomer ratio in the initial blend, on the yield and composition of the copolymers produced. 13 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.3, 2002,p.25-8).
Title: HEAT STABILITY OF RUSSIAN PRODUCED POLYBUTYLENE TEREPHTHALATE
Page Range: T/53-59
Author(s): Shelgaev V N; Mikitaev A K; Lomakin S M; Zaikov G E; Koverzanova E V
File size: 72K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
A study is described of the thermal and thermooxidative stability of polybutylene terephthalate (PBTP), synthesised in the presence of the optimum stabilising system The main degradation products are established and the laws governing their formation in a temperature range similar to the temperature regimes used in PBTP processing are determined. The investigation enabled recommendations to be made concerning the temperature regimes of PBTP processing, since it was found that even a small increase in admissible temperatures (approx. 265 degrees C) leads to fragmentation of the polymer chains. 7 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.3, 2002, p.29-32).
Title: INFLUENCE OF PROCESS PARAMETER STABILITY IN THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYBUTYLENE TEREPHTHALATE ON ITS PROPERTIES
Page Range: T/60-62
Author(s): Shelgaev V N; Mikitaev A K; Lomakin S M; Zaikov G E; Koverzanova E V
File size: 48K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
Investigations were conducted that showed that polybutylene terephthalate (PBTP), synthesised under industrial production conditions is noted for its high physicomechanical properties. Differences, however, in some properties were noted (impact strength, melt flow index). It is suggested that a possible reason for a variation in the properties of PBTP id due to the different polydispersivity of the polymers. This in turn, is probably caused, it is proposed, by small differences in the rate of increase in temperature at the second stage of polycondensation, and the level of the vacuum. 1 ref. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.3, 2002, p.32-34).
Title: INFLUENCE OF THE DESIGN ELEMENTS OF THE SCREW ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF FILM EXTRUSION BLOW MOULDING
Page Range: T/63-68
Author(s): Sikora J W
File size: 114K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
The design of the screw used in the extrusion blow moulding of LDPE film is examined, with respect to the characteristics of the produced film. Experimental investigations are reported of the extrusion blow moulding process in order to provide a better understanding of the effect of selected design features of elements for intensive shearing and mixing. 27 refs. (Article translated from Polimery, 2002, Vol.47, No.6, p.435-40).
Title: PROBLEMS OF ENGINEERING DESIGN AND PRODUCTION OF SCREWS IN COUNTER-ROTATING TWIN-SCREW EXTRUDERS
Page Range: T/69-77
Author(s): Stasiek J; Nieszporek T
File size: 178K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 30
Issue No: No. 1
Abstract
Problems relating to the design and production of screws for use in counter-rotating twin-screw extruders are discussed. It is argued that the existence of a large number of designs of screw extruders is evidence of the complexity of the problems relating to the extrusion of high-molecular materials. The types of extruder and geometric shapes of screws are examined. Details are given of the general characterisation of the design process for twin-screw plasticising systems; the flow of material in the intermeshing region of the screws; problems relating to the interaction of the screws; and an analysis of the axial profile of conical screws machined with a conical slotting mill. 19 refs. (Article translated from Polimery, 2002, Vol.47, No.6, p.441-9).