Back SearchTitle: STUDY OF THE MODIFYING PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN FUNCTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS
Page Range: T/1-3
Author(s): Veliev M G; Chalabieva A Z; Ishchenko N Y; Askerov O V
File size: 54K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
In order to improve the heat resistance and thermal stability of epoxy resins, epoxy-bisphenol A resins were modified with organosilicon compounds containing various functional groups and unsaturated bonds in their molecules. The organosilicon monomers were synthesised by the hydrosilylation of acetylene and ethylene compounds in the presence of metal-complex catalysts. Polyethyleneamine was used as the curing agent. Data showing the effects of modifying additives on parameters such as activation energy of breakdown and Tg of epoxy composites are tabulated. Results indicate that all the silicon-containing additives synthesised were capable of increasing the heat resistance of bisphenol A composites, and can be used as modifiers of epoxy resins. 9 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.10, 2005, p.24-5)
Title: EFFECT OF THE EXTRACTION CONDITIONS OF THE PLASTICISER ON ITS DIFFUSION IN PVC
Page Range: T/5-7
Author(s): Dedov A V
File size: 58K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
An equation is proposed which claims to make it possible to estimate the effective activation energy of diffusion of dioctyl phthalate in PVC during the extraction of the ingredient with alcohols and hydrocarbons. However, the authors state that the small amount of experimental data available makes it impossible to draw a final conclusion concerning the practical significance of the proposed approach to calculating the effective activation energy of the diffusion of DOP during its extraction from PVC. The work is based on the concept that plasticiser diffusion in PVC may proceed under conditions of contact of the polymer with a medium that does not penetrate into the polymer, or under conditions of counter-flow of the medium into the polymer, and as such the influence of the nature of the liquid on dioctyl phthalate diffusion in PVC is studied. 12 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.10, 2005, P.25-7)
Title: SYNTHESIS OF A CATION-EXCHANGE RESIN BASED ON CHEMICALLY MODIFIED BENTONITE
Page Range: T/9-12
Author(s): Ergozhin E E; Akimbaeva A M; Tovasarov A D
File size: 71K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
As a result of investigations, an organomineral cation-exchange resin has been produced by the grafting of acrylic acid to bentonite. This paper examines its ion-exchange properties, and claims that the polymerisation modification of minerals presents a solution to the problem of effecting purposeful change in the surface properties of mineral dispersed materials, enabling them to be used as sorbents and fillers. 6 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No. 10, 2005, p.27-9)
Title: SYNTHESIS OF ACRYLIC DISPERSIONS OF METHYL ACRYLATE WITH MALEIC ACID AND A STUDY OF THE THERMAL STABILITY OF THE POLYMERS SYNTHESISED
Page Range: T/13-17
Author(s): Voloshinets V A; Sobechko I B; Kochubei V V
File size: 70K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
Emulsion acrylic polymers are typically characterised by high service properties in addition to other properties achieved by emulsion polymerisation as a result of conformation features of the molecules, the different molecular weight as compared with materials produced in bulk and in solution, and the presence of an emulsifier in the composition of the solid phase. This work aims to synthesise dispersions of copolymers of methyl acrylate with maleic diacid of various compositions, in order to develop a statistically reliable method for derivatographic analysis of the elastic emulsion acrylate films, and to study the thermooxidative degradation of copolymer and composite films of methyl acrylate with maleic diacid. 14 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.10, 2005, P.29-31)
Title: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF CURING AGENTS FOR EPOXY RESINS
Page Range: T/19-21
Author(s): Dovgopolik T A; Georgitsa T A; Batog E A
File size: 57K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
Amine-type curing agents for the production of epoxy materials of technical designation, include oligoamides and aminoimidazoles based on vegetable oil fatty acids, in particular those produced by the condensation of monomeric fatty acid or its lower alkyl ester with aliphatic amines They are characterised by moderate activity, low viscosity and relatively low toxicity. Oligoamides and aminoimidazoles based on a monomeric fatty acid component are not currently produced in the Ukraine. However, the appearance of high quality polyethyleneamines - diethylene triamine (DETA), triethylene tetramine (TETA) and tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA), have brought about a favourable feedstock situation. In addition, oleic acid is available on the feedstock market. An investigation was conducted on the synthesis of curing agents based on DETA, TETA, TEPA and oleic acid, and their properties. The first stage was the production of oligoamide, followed by the production of aminoimidazoline. Their physicochemical properties were studied and found to be comparable with the properties of industrial curing agents currently used. They are recommended for application in epoxy casting, dipping and sealing compositions, in adhesives and in cold-curing binders. 4 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.10, 2005, P.32-3)
Title: DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR PRODUCING IMPROVED-QUALITY MINERAL WOOL INSULATION TILES AND BINDERS FOR PRODUCTION
Page Range: T/23-26
Author(s): Vydrina T S; Glukhikh V V; Buryndin V G; Bystrikova A P; Ryzhkov V V
File size: 152K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
In an effort to improve the quality and thermal insulation performance of mineral wool insulation, and to reduce the emission of formaldehyde from mineral wool tiles based on carbamide-formaldehyde, a new method has been developed for the production of a new carbamide-formaldehyde resin for the production of mineral wool tiles, by forming a mineral wool carpet from pulp. The resin is reported to contain 20 times less free formaldehyde, and is synthesised in three stages. A series of sand-resin bars were manufactured to model mineral wool tiles and to test properties such as strength, water resistance and formaldehyde emissions. Details are given of the production of a new-generation Timlak material which is claimed to correspond entirely to equivalent foreign thermal insulation. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.10, 2005, p.33-5)
Title: INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERACTION OF BIRCH WOOD (BETULA VERRUCOSA) WITH SULPHURIC ANHYDRIDE IN 1,4-DIOXANE
Page Range: T/27-30
Author(s): Leonov V V; Glochkin A I
File size: 72K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
Cation-exchange resins and water-soluble products based on sulphonated lignin have been produced. This article investigates the interaction of wood with sulphuric anhydride in 1,4-dioxane, in order to achieve the sulphation of wood without separating it into its components. In order to establish the optimum conditions for produced sulphated wood, the influence of a number of factors was studied: the ratio of reactants, and the time and temperature of the synthesis. It was shown to be possible to produce sulpho derivatives of the main components of birch wood by treating it with sulphuric anhydride in 1,4-dioxane. The sulphates obtained were characterised by high solubility in water and in aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide. They can be used as regulators of the rheological properties of suspension media, as reagents for the drilling of oil and gas wells, as dispersing agents n the flotation of non-ferrous metal ores, as stabilisers of aqueous suspensions, as anti-resorbents in medium molecular weight compounds, and as thickeners of different water-containing systems. 8 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.10, 2005, P.35-7)
Title: ELECTROPHYSICAL AND PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKYD RESIN CONTAINING THERMALLY EXPANDED GRAPHITE
Page Range: T/31-33
Author(s): Dubrovina L V; Ogenko V M; Gorbik P P; Svistova E I
File size: 61K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
An investigation is reported into the use of thermally expanded graphite as a conductive filler in alkyd resin-based coatings. The distinguishing features of thermally expanded graphite are the three-dimensional shape of its particles and a very low bulk density. These properties in addition to high values of thermal stability, heat and corrosion resistance, make it suitable for use in vibration and sound absorbing polymer coatings. This work studies the electrophysical and physicomechanical properties of coatings based on alkyd resin containing thermally expanded graphite and nickel-coated thermally expanded graphite fillers. The influence of the filler content is examined with respect to electrophysical properties and interaction with the polymer binder. 6 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.10, 2005, P.37-39)
Title: COMPOSITE MATERIAL BASED ON LEATHER FOOTWEAR WASTE MANUFACTURE FOR SLEEPER PROTECTORS
Page Range: T/35-38
Author(s): Inyutin V I; Korolik T K; Sementovskii A V; Inyutin A V
File size: 122K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
Wooden railway sleepers require protection in order to increase their wear performance and durability. Previously, in Russia, these were manufactured from phenol-formaldehyde resin, using scrap tyres as fillers. However, due to high levels of toxicity from the production process, it was necessary to find alternative methods of protecting the sleepers. To this end, tests were carried out using recycled polyethylene and waste from the leather footwear industry. The scrap leather included chrome-tanned leather and microporous leather. Since the leather contained oil, it was also possible to plasticise the composite without the use of additional plasticisers and expensive silicone lubricants. Service tests have indicated the suitability of the material for use as a sleeper protector, and results of impact strength and wear testing are included. 7 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No. 10, 2005, p.44-6)
Title: INFLUENCE OF SULPHIDES OF CERTAIN METALS ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF LINEAR POLYETHYLENE UNDER UV IRRADIATION
Page Range: T/39-43
Author(s): Gordienko V P; Sal'nikov V G
File size: 83K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
This article examines the influence of dispersed zinc, cadmium, tin and lead sulphides on the structure and properties of linear high density polyethylene subjected to UV irradiation. The most effective stabilisers were found to be zinc and cadmium sulphides, although both vary in the mechanism of their stabilising effect. The stabilising effect of zinc sulphide appears to be largely due to the formation of zinc carboxylates at the interface of the components under UV irradiation, whereas during irradiation of the polyethylene-cadmium sulphide system, , some of the irradiation energy may not be expended on the oxidation and degradation of the polymer, but be transformed into other forms of energy, it is claimed. 10 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, 2005, P.4-6)
Title: INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE CURING SYSTEM ON THE PROPERTIES OF POLYESTER URETHANES FOR APPLIED COATINGS
Page Range: T/45-47
Author(s): Medvedev D V; Medvedev V P; Ogrel' A M; Luk'yanichev V V; Lukasik V A
File size: 59K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
Tests were carried out to determine the optimum composition of a curing system to produce polyester urethanes for applied coatings with superior physicomechanical properties. The investigations were conducted on industrially produced prepolymers using glycerin, triethanolamine, butanediol, ethylene glycol and aromatic diamine as curing agents. It was found that use of an amine curing agent made it possible to broaden the range of physicomechanical characteristics of urethane elastomers, and to produce materials with a strength of over 7 MPa. It has been shown, that by varying the composition of the curing systems, and by appropriate selection of the type of isocyanate prepolymer, it was possible to manufacture pour coatings suitable for use in building applications. 6 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, 2005, P.7-8)
Title: PROPERTIES OF SILANOL-CROSSLINKED POLYETHYLENE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COLD AND HOT WATER SUPPLY PIPES AND HEATING PIPES
Page Range: T/49-52
Author(s): Kikel V A; Osipchik V S; Lebedeva E D
File size: 58K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
The properties of pipes of silanol-crosslinked polyethylene can be determined by the density of the three-dimensional structure that is formed in the process of the treatment of the finished article in hot water, and is dependent on the type and quantity of graft unsaturated organosilicon compound with readily hydrolysed groups, on the type and quantity of the hydrolytic polycondensation catalyst used, and on the time and temperature of hydrothermal treatment of the article. The crosslinking process can also take place without heat treatment of articles during their storage in air at room temperature. Data are given which show the change in the degree of curing of pipes specimens with different storage times without heat treatment, and subjected to crosslinking in the process of hydrothermal treatment. Depending on the crosslinking conditions, a different network density is formed, which is confirmed by thermomechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Results are discussed which indicate that a denser three-dimensional structure was achieved during hydrothermal treatment, with the degree of curing amounting to 75% for a polymer crosslinked during hydrothermal treatment, and 60% for a polymer crosslinked during storage. The data indicate that, in PE crosslinked by treatment in water, the processes of formation of hydroxyl groups and their subsequent condensation, are mainly complete. 6 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, 2005, P.8-11)
Title: THEORETICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE RATE OF OXIDATION OF A POLYMER MELT IN FRACTAL MEDIA
Page Range: T/53-57
Author(s): Kozlov G V; Zaikov G E
File size: 73K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
In the process of the thermooxidative degradation of polymers, there are several main types of ‘amount of absorbed oxygen-time' curve. One of these types, namely, curves with self-retardation is examined in this work. Within the framework of classical chemical interpretation, the retardation of oxygen absorption with time is due to the ‘burn-out' of reactive groups. However, another theoretical interpretation of ‘amount of absorbed oxygen-time' curves of the given type is said to be possible, based on the concept of the fractal, and two possible fractal approaches to describing the ‘amount of absorbed oxygen-time' are indicated. The first involves the use of concepts of the geometry of fractal dimension, and approach of this kind was used successfully for a description of ‘amount of absorbed oxygen-time' curves with self-retardation. The second approach involves the use of a body of mathematics of fractional integrodifferentiation. It is claimed that this approach is being held back by the absence of a clear physical interpretation of the fractional index in the apparatus of fractional integrodifferentiation. On this basis, the aim of this work is to describe ‘amount of absorbed oxygen-time' curves with self-retardation within the framework of the second of the indicated fractal approaches, and to clarify the physical significance of the fractional index for the case of thermooxidative degradation of melts of the heterochain polyester block copolymer polyarylatearylenesulphone oxide. 20 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, 2005, P.11-14)
Title: THERMO-OXIDATIVE DEGRADATION OF A STABILISED COMPOSITE POLYMERIC MATERIAL
Page Range: T/59-60
Author(s): Babakhanova M G
File size: 35K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
It is shown that the introduction of a stabilising unit into the main chain of the macromolecules of polymers leads to a considerable increase in the thermal stability of the polymers and of composites based on them. Copolymers of styrene with the monomeric stabiliser thiobenzthiazole methacrylate were synthesised, and a study was made of thermal and thermooxidative degradation by means of thermogravimetry. The introduction of a small amount of stabilising monomers into the main chain of the polystyrene macromolecules led to a slowing down of thermooxidative decomposition. The use of stabilised styrene-based copolymers as an antioxidant for the elastomer composite showed an increase in heat ageing resistance, due to the fact that they caused the breakdown of hydroperoxides and thus promoted the protection of the elastomer composite against heat ageing. 2 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, 2005, P.14-5)
Title: HALOGEN-SUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES OF 1,3-DIOXOLANES AS A MODIFIER AND PLASTICISER OF EPOXY-BISPHENOL A RESIN
Page Range: T/61-63
Author(s): Babaev M G; Khalilov K D; Kerimov A K
File size: 65K
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Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 7
Abstract
In an effort to overcome some of the inherent weaknesses of bisphenol A epoxy resins in electrical and electronic applications, polyfunctional low molecular weight compounds were introduced into the composition. The weaknesses included brittleness, poor heat resistance and unsatisfactory dielectric strength. This paper investigates the use of 1,3-dioxolanes as modifiers and plasticisers for bisphenol A epoxy resins. Modified materials were found to possess good physicomechanical and dielectric properties suited for use in the electronic and electrical sectors. 13 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, 2005, p.15-6)