Back SearchTitle: A REVIEW OF ACRYLIC UV-CURABLE COATINGS FOR LIGHT-CONDUCTING GLASS FIBRES
Page Range: T/1-16
Author(s): Sineokov A P; Khamidulova Z S; Aronovich D A
File size: 161K
Download the pdf (subscribers only)
Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
This review is based on an analysis of the patents of the leading companies in the USA, Netherlands, Japan and France relating to the composition acrylic UV curable coatings for light-conducting glass fibres. Physicochemical properties are given, and an attempt is made to show how such composites have improved over the past 20 years, and how ideas concerning the influence on the chemical structure of the ingredients used on the creation of formulations of polymeric coatings, have developed. 87 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 16-28)
Title: OXIDATION OF POLYETHYLENE KETONE CONTAINING A PHENOLIC ANTIOXIDANT
Page Range: T/17-19
Author(s): Kalinina I G; Belov G P; Gumargalieva M Z; Novikova E P; Shlyapnikov Y A
File size: 74K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
Since polyethylene ketone (PEK) requires high processing temperatures and stabilisation against oxidation, this paper investigates its oxidation by molecular oxygen in the presence of standard phenolic antioxidant, 2,2'-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (MBP). MEP has been used to stabilise polyolefins against oxidation in the temperature range of 180-230 deg.C. It's efficiency as an antioxidant in PEK and the sorption of MBP by the polymer from solutions in ethanol at 40 deg.C are investigated. It was found that the oxidation of PEK could be retarded by the phenolic antioxidant MBP, but the effectiveness of this standard antioxidant was considerably lower than in polyolefins. This was attributed to the lower mobility of the molecules of antioxidant sorbed on the polar –CO- groups and to the fact that this rate, in the absence of antioxidant, is considerably lower than the oxidation rate of PE or PP. 9 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 30-31)
Title: ANTI-CORROSION COATINGS BASED ON FILLED POWDER POLYOLEFINS
Page Range: T/21-24
Author(s): Merkutova A V; Mukhitov I I; Konopleva A A; Sadova A N; Arkhireev V P
File size: 78K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
A two-layer protective coating for steel has been developed and tested, which consists of a first layer of EVA, modified with polyisocyanate blocked by e-caprolactam, and a second layer of LDPE containing 5 wt.% talc. Tests were carried out to determine its service properties and physicomechanical properties such as adhesion, elasticity and bending strength. Results indicate that the magnitude of adhesion has a highest rating of unity, and bending strength and elasticity of the order of 40% were established. Optimum parameters for application by electrostatic spraying were also identified. 3 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 32-33)
Title: NEW METHODS OF TREATMENT OF THE EXPERIMENTAL FLOW CURVE
Page Range: T/25-29
Author(s): Tatarnikov A A; Burtelov L V
File size: 77K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
For the analysis of existing schedules and also the design of new ones for the processing of polymeric materials, it is necessary to be aware of the rheological characteristics of the material. These are represented in the form of experimental flow curves obtained for prescribed temperatures on viscometers. Over 20 equations describing rheological characteristics are currently in existence, and the shortcomings of some of these are discussed. A new method is proposed in this article which is claimed to be superior. It is examined with respect to the following: a known Newtonian viscosity coefficient and an unknown Newtonian viscosity coefficient. An examination is made of the determination of the unknown parameters in a shortened and a complete rheological equation, and the proposed procedure for the treatment of the experimental flow curve is found to be effective in the approximation of the curve with a rheological equation, both shortened and complete. 3 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 34-36)
Title: MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE FLOW OF SOLID POLYMERS DURING LOADING UNDER PRESSURE
Page Range: T/31-36
Author(s): Potapova L B
File size: 88K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
A mathematical model is presented to depict the flow of solid polymers during loading under pressure. The condition of equivalence of limiting stress states under pressure is discussed with reference to established equations, together with their graphic interpretation. Formulae are proposed for the criterion of equal probability of a physical state of the materials during tension and compression under pressure, which are in qualitative agreement with experimental data on the flow of polymeric thermoplastics. It is claimed that the expression for the contribution of stress state components in terms of the deformation characteristics of the material, makes it possible to obtain a universal formula for the criterion that is valid for different solid materials. 19 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 37-40)
Title: INVESTIGATION OF PYROLYSIS AND COMBUSTION OF COMPOSITIONS FOR LOW-FLAMMABILITY ORGANIC GLASSES
Page Range: T/37-38
Author(s): Noskova A L; Bychkova E V; Olifirenko V N; Panova L G
File size: 71K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
Polymers such as polyacrylates, polystyrene and polycarbonate used in the production of organic glasses provide good transparency, but are limited in there area of application by their high flammability. New low-flammability compositions are being developed which contain flame retardants, and which are capable of being polymerised in the presence of a photoinitiator. In this article, a phosphorus-containing methylacrylate with unsaturated methacrylic groups capable of polymerisation was synthesised. In order to establish the relationship between the structural characteristics of the polymers and the laws governing their combustion, it was necessary to investigate the physicochemical transformations by means of thermogravimetric analysis. The physicochemical processes during the thermooxidative degradation of the investigated compounds proceeded in the temperature range 70-430 deg.C., and consequently, they are found to be capable, during pyrolysis, of having a mutual influence in a wide temperature range, and capable of being used in the creation of low flammability organic glass. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 41-42)
Title: PROPERTIES OF MODIFIED THERMOPLASTICS USED IN ROAD MARKING
Page Range: T/39-41
Author(s): Rzhekhina E K; Abramova N K; Kryzhanovskii V K
File size: 48K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
The quality, durability and adhesion of road markings based on modified thermoplastics for use on Russian roads is addressed. Currently the marking thermoplastics used exhibit insufficient adhesion to concrete roads and inferior cracking resistance. In order to improve the quality, research is being carried out on the modification of the polyester resin binders by introducing small additions of atactic polypropylene, EVA, low molecular weight polybutadiene, rosin and its derivatives, and also other substances that increase the service properties of road markings. The authors report a road coating which features a base composition based on glyptal resin, in which the binder accounted for 23%, the pigment, mineral fillers and glass spheres (73%) and zinc stearate (1%). Modifying additives were introduced in a quantity of 3%. Results of accelerated testing indicated the suitability of an hydroxyl-containing oligomer as an effective modifier for marking thermoplastic based on glyptal resins. 4 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 42-44)
Title: MECHANICAL DISPERSION OF WASTE MATERIALS FROM THREE-DIMENSIONALLY CROSSLINKED POLYMERS
Page Range: T/43-46
Author(s): Zolina L I; Kutyanina L G; Sutorshina L M; Sobko T E
File size: 71K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
An investigation is reported which aimed to determine the conditions and methods for the effective mechanical degradation of high-strength three-dimensionally crosslinked polymeric material with the aim of producing a highly dispersed powder filler from its waste materials. The Rebinder effect was used to find adsorption-active media that lower the strength of cured polyester maleate materials under mechanical action. The selection of adsorption-active media for the materials investigated in the present work was carried out according to the maximum energy of adsorption interaction. Media of different chemical natures and phase states were investigated: liquid media included acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone, ethanol, propanol, water and aqueous solutions of different surfactants. Sold media included talc, modified fine silica, nepheline and calcite. The effectiveness of using the formed level of structural defectiveness of polyester maleate after holding in ketone was shown to increase considerably during its combined grinding with highly dispersed powders such as talc and modified fine silica. 6 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 44-46)
Title: COMPOSITE BASED ON RECYCLED POLYETHYLENE
Page Range: T/47-49
Author(s): Guseinova Z N; Guliev S A; Ishchenko N Y
File size: 44K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
HDPE occupy a leading place amongst the reprocessable thermoplastic polymers. However, the conversion of PE waste into feedstock suitable for subsequent use by normal processing is difficult due to changes in the structure and chemistry of its molecules during processing and during the service of articles under natural conditions, which lead to a reduction in molecular weight and an increase in the non-optimum molecular weight distribution. This leads to a deterioration in the physicomechanical and thermophysical properties of the polymeric materials obtained from such feedstock. This article examines the use of modifiers to produce a road building material. Bitumen was introduced into the polymer matrix of recycled PE and waste from the production of PETP, and bentonite was used as a filler to reduce costs and improve service properties of surfacing based on PE. The optimum amount of 15% bentonite was identified, which led to a reduction in breaking elongation and improvements in processability and service properties. 5 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No.11, p. 46-48).
Title: LOW-TEMPERATURE VULCANISATION OF UNSATURATED RUBBERS BY C-NITROSE SYSTEMS
Page Range: T/51-56
Author(s): Klyuchnikov O R; Deberdeev R Y; Zaikov G E
File size: 103K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
The low temperature vulcanisation of composite systems based on unsaturated rubbers can be carried out using dinitroso-generating systems. The quantity chosen to characterise the reactivity of the C-nitrose systems in the process of vulcanisation was the nominal temperature as determined from the Arrhenius equation. This quantity can be used to characterise the limiting storage or processing temperature at which appreciable scorching of the composite begins. To assess the Arrhenius parameters, an investigation was made of the vulcanisation kinetics of butadiene rubber by nitrosobenzene in the temperature range 100-130 deg.C on a Monsanto rheometer. ESR investigations are reported which explain the mechanism of vulcanisation of unsaturated rubbers using different C-nitrose systems, each having common stages, including the formation of a six-membered transient state, the formation of a secondary hydroxylamine and its oxidation to arylnitroxide, and subsequent reactions of recombination with the formation of three-dimensional structures. 16 refs. (Article translated from Kauchuk i Rezina, No.5, 2005, p.2-5)
Title: USE OF HALOGENATED POLYBUTENES FOR THE MODIFICATION OF PLASTICS
Page Range: T/57-61
Author(s): Ronkin G M
File size: 78K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
A study was made of blends of halogenated polybutenes with different rigid plastics. The plastics used were LDPE, polystyrene, PP, and PVC. Halogenated polybutenes were produced by the halogenation of polybutene in industrial reactors. Standard test pieces were produced from compression moulded blend specimens, a and tensile testing was carried out. The properties of the obtained blends could be varied by controlling the molecular weight of the initial halogenated polybutene, the number and type of halogen-containing groups introduced into them, and also the ratio of the polymers being mixed. It is claimed that halogenated polybutenes are the only class of rubbery polar polymers capable of serving as functionally active, non-blooming plasticisers in blends of incompatible polymers, simultaneously crosslinking their chains and acting as fire proofing agents and polymer adhesion enhancers. 8 refs. (Article translated from Kauchuk i Rezina, No.5, 2005, p.5-8).
Title: DEGRADATION OF SYNTHETIC RUBBERS FOR OBTAINING COMPONENTS FOR FINISHING COMPOSITES
Page Range: T/63-66
Author(s): Kovalevskaya L L; Ivanov A M
File size: 69K
Download the pdf (subscribers only) Buy the pdf (non-subscribers)Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology
Issue Year: ipsat
Volume: 33
Issue No: No. 8
Abstract
The compositions of finishing agents such as dipping compositions, drying oils and paints and lacquers, have mainly be found empirically, it is reported. However, the optimisation of the properties of the target composite, and for predictable control of its properties, the authors attempt to implement one of the variants of the indicated approach for the case of the degradative and oxidative degradative transformations of synthetic rubbers in solution. A study was made of the kinetic laws governing the catalytic degradation of butadiene-styrene rubber in the case of intense mechanical mixing without air bubbling, and the interdependent nature of the occurrence of degradative and oxidative degradative transformations and liquid phase oxidation of olefins. It was established that, under the conditions selected, catalytic degradation proceeded by a chain radical mechanism with chain nucleation when the heterogeneous catalyst interacted with the olefins. The introduction of a metal-containing compound was found to shorten the duration of oxidative degradative transformations of butadiene-styrene rubbers and related elastomers in solutions, and also increase the critical concentration of rubber in solution, to produce composites with a content of products of its transformation of up to 30 wt.%, and also to broaden considerably the limits of control of the composition of the products obtained. The results obtained from this study were used to develop new finishing composites and technologies for their production, in particular, a new film-forming base of black lacquers for rubber footwear and a new film-forming base for enamels. 5 refs. (Article translated from Kauchuk i Rezina, No.5, 2005, p.12-14)